NOTES/WORK
Taekwondo
"There was a fighting skill in which the players would try to knock each other down using the feet. The lowest skill level was kicking
the opponents' leg, the next highest was to kick the shoulder, and the highest recognition was given to the one who could kick the
opponent's topknot."
BELTS
lowest to highest
Tenets of taekwondo
Taekwondo oath:
I shall observe the tenets of taekwondo.
I shall respect the instructor and seniors.
I shall never misuse taekwondo.
I shall be champion of freedom and justice.
I shall build a more peaceful world.
One example is given from each type of technique
Forefist:
A fist extended rapidly towards the opponent
Front Snap kick:
the knee is brought up to the waist, the toes aree pulled back,and the leg is quickly extended towards the target.
Single forearm block:
starting at the opposite shoulder, the fist is brought down the body to deflect an attack to the torso with the forearm
Equipment
A v-neck jacket
pants with elasticized waist
for 1st dan and above:
black lining on the necck of the jacket
for 4th dan and above:
Black stripe on the side of each pant leg
it is important to keep your equipment clean and tidy
Chest protectors are worn in sparring competitions
Etiquette
bowing
step 1
stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and your hands behind your back
step 2
bring your hands to the sides of your body, and bring your feet together-your hands should be open
step 3
bow about 30 degrees down, and look forward the entire time
KARATE
goju ryu karate do Means hard soft empty handed way
goju means hard, ryu means soft, Kara means empty, te means hand, do means way
Originated on the Japanese island of Okinawa
Weapons were prohibited
If you were caught with a weapon, you were put to death
In the 15th century-(15th century=the 1400s)
Basic principle-turn body into effective weapon
Regarded as a sport and a means of self-defense
Most widely practiced oriental martial art.
First know as te
Eventually translated as t’ang
Familiarly known as Okinawa-te
Not until 20th century that t’ang became known as karate-do
-do suffix added by Yoshitaka Funakoshi
Karate-do is light contact, if any contact at all.
Full contact is an integral part of Okinawa-te
Karate has many benefits:
KUNG FU
Ranking
white
yellow
green
blue
brown
black
ranking is usually based upon the proficiency of the student
Kung fu is actually a combination of many different styles
WING CHUN
Full name is Wing Chun Kuen
Uses weapons
Butterfly knives-Can be used to deflect spear or pole attacks
Originated in Southern china
Wing chun translates to beautiful springtime fist
Kuen means fist
Benefits:
Name attributed to Yi Wing Chun
Protégé of a Buddhist nun called Ng Mui
Known as a soft style but is in fact a blend of hard and soft techniques.
During the reign of Emperor K’angshi, the Shaolin monastery Siu Lam had become very powerful through kung fu training
The Manchuin government feared an uprising so they sent troops to destroy the monastery
But the problem was resolved when traitorous monks set it on fire.
A handful of monks and disciples escaped: Abbot Chin, Abbot Pak Mei, Master Fung To Tak, Master Hiu Him, and Abbess Ng Mui.
Ng Mui was a Master of Siu Lam kung fu and created the Wing chun system from that knowledge.
Her ideas of close-quarter combat were completely different than the Siu Lam style
She discarded many of the old traditions of Siu Lam
The traditions often required years of practice
She started developing a system based on the idea of winning at all costs
Using speed and subtlety
Her system therefore had less stress on physical strength
The emphasis was on the sudden movements of the practitioner
When Ng Mui met a young woman of just 15-Yim Wing Chun, she befriended her
A local landowner, Wong, was trying to bully Yim into marriage
Ng trained Yim in her new, yet unnamed, art, so Yim could defend against Wong
Yim beat Wong, and Yim named her new style after her protégée, Yim Wing Chun
One important technique of wing chun is called “sticky hands”
When one practitioner attacks, the other grabs and holds the limb they attacked with.
Mok-Gar [ Developed by a midget called Mok-Da-Si
Developed in the Shaolin monastery in southern China
Taught the style to his family
Style was then known as shaolin chuen
This name was held until the third generation, when it was changed to Mok-gar
Named after Mok’s family
Practice traditionally involves 2 wooden dummies
One is called mook-yan-jong and has projections resembling arms
Used for blocking and countering
The other is called darn gee and is a thick bamboo pole filled with washers-originally coins, but that got too expensive
Used for striking technique
Equipment:
white mandarin top
red pants
slippers
3-section staff
siu so gee-2 long and short rods of wood connected by a chain
dip do knives
broad sword
etiquette
salute
step 1
stand with your feet shoulder width apart and your hands behind your back and look forward
step 2
make a fist with your right hand but leave your left hand open. place your fist in the palm of your left hand
step 3
move your left foot forwards and balance it on the ball of your foot. all of your weight should be on your back foot (your right foot)
Judo
Benefits:
Created by Jigura Kano
JUDO RANKING
Rank: Lowest to highest
English name:
Japanese name:
1 6th grade Rokyu
2 5th grade Gokyu
3 4th grade Yonkyu
4 3rd grade Sankyu
5 2nd grade Nikyu
6 1st grade Ikkyu
7 1st degree Shodan
8 2nd degree Nidan
9 3rd degree Sandan
10 4th degree Yodan
11 5th degree Godan
12 6th degree Rokudan
13 7th degree Shichidan
14 8th degree Hachidan
15 9th degree Kudan
16 10th degree Judan
The rank system was started in 1883 when Kano awarded Shodan to Shiro Sago and Tsunejiro Tomita
Then, there was no differentiation from mudansha and yudansha-yudansha being the shodans
In 1886 Kano began giving his shodans black belts to wear.
These belts were still the belts worn with formal kimono
Students did not have an official uniform to wear, and the students were still practising in kimono.
The judogi was created in 1907
The full belt ranking system was finalised in 1935 in Europe
- Created in Korea
- First known as subakhi
- In the koryon dynasty, a martial art called Soo Bakh do was being used as a military training method
- Means "hand strike game" su means hand, bak means strike, and hi means play or game
- Subakhi was not only a martial art, but a competitive sport as well
- In the Choson Dynasty (1392-1910), the emphasis on literary activities over physical from the ruling class caused the sport of subakhi to suffer, yet it still developed
- Subakhi came to be known as takkyon, then changed to taekkyon
- Not only had the name changed,but the technique had as well, and drastically
- In a book written by Choi Yong Nyon, There is a paragraph that lays emphasis on the difficult kicking techniques of taekkyon
"There was a fighting skill in which the players would try to knock each other down using the feet. The lowest skill level was kicking
the opponents' leg, the next highest was to kick the shoulder, and the highest recognition was given to the one who could kick the
opponent's topknot."
- Taekwondo means Kick punch method-Tae=to kick Kwon=to punch Do=method--OR--the way of the foot and fist-tae=foot kwon means fist Do=way of
- In 1955 the martial arts of Korea united as Tae Soo Do
- In early 1957, the name was changed to Taekwondo for its similarity to the name Tae Kyon
- The very first students of taekwondo were Korean soldiers
- The police force and the air force had to learn taekwondo as well as the military
BELTS
lowest to highest
- white
- yellow
- green
- blue
- blue with red tag
- red
- red with black tag
- black-if younger than 16 you would get a Poom belt until you were old enough to get black
- black 2nd degree
- black 3rd degree
- black 4th degree
- black 5th degree
- black 6th degree
- black 7th degree
- black 8th degree
- black 9th degree
Tenets of taekwondo
- Courtesy (being polite, bowing as you enter the dojang, listening when the instructor talks)
- Integrity (doing the right thing,doing what you say you are going to do)
- perseverance (never give up, always keep trying, "if at first you fail,try again")
- self-control (learn to control the powerful moves you learn in taekwondo)
- indomitable spirit (always have spirit, even when facing the toughest of times)
Taekwondo oath:
I shall observe the tenets of taekwondo.
I shall respect the instructor and seniors.
I shall never misuse taekwondo.
I shall be champion of freedom and justice.
I shall build a more peaceful world.
One example is given from each type of technique
Forefist:
A fist extended rapidly towards the opponent
Front Snap kick:
the knee is brought up to the waist, the toes aree pulled back,and the leg is quickly extended towards the target.
Single forearm block:
starting at the opposite shoulder, the fist is brought down the body to deflect an attack to the torso with the forearm
Equipment
A v-neck jacket
pants with elasticized waist
for 1st dan and above:
black lining on the necck of the jacket
for 4th dan and above:
Black stripe on the side of each pant leg
it is important to keep your equipment clean and tidy
Chest protectors are worn in sparring competitions
Etiquette
bowing
step 1
stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and your hands behind your back
step 2
bring your hands to the sides of your body, and bring your feet together-your hands should be open
step 3
bow about 30 degrees down, and look forward the entire time
KARATE
goju ryu karate do Means hard soft empty handed way
goju means hard, ryu means soft, Kara means empty, te means hand, do means way
Originated on the Japanese island of Okinawa
Weapons were prohibited
If you were caught with a weapon, you were put to death
In the 15th century-(15th century=the 1400s)
Basic principle-turn body into effective weapon
Regarded as a sport and a means of self-defense
Most widely practiced oriental martial art.
First know as te
Eventually translated as t’ang
Familiarly known as Okinawa-te
Not until 20th century that t’ang became known as karate-do
-do suffix added by Yoshitaka Funakoshi
Karate-do is light contact, if any contact at all.
Full contact is an integral part of Okinawa-te
Karate has many benefits:
- Fitness
- Flexibility
- Mobility
- Well-being
- Concentration
- Self-control
- Confidence
- Teamwork
- Honesty
- Integrity
- Stress reduction
- Sociability
- Courtesy
KUNG FU
Ranking
white
yellow
green
blue
brown
black
ranking is usually based upon the proficiency of the student
Kung fu is actually a combination of many different styles
WING CHUN
Full name is Wing Chun Kuen
Uses weapons
Butterfly knives-Can be used to deflect spear or pole attacks
Originated in Southern china
Wing chun translates to beautiful springtime fist
Kuen means fist
Benefits:
- Physical and emotional control
- Confidence
- Well-being
- Assertiveness
- Reflexes
- Health improvement
- Comradeship
- Stress reduction
- Good posture and stability
- Mobility
- Flexibility
Name attributed to Yi Wing Chun
Protégé of a Buddhist nun called Ng Mui
Known as a soft style but is in fact a blend of hard and soft techniques.
During the reign of Emperor K’angshi, the Shaolin monastery Siu Lam had become very powerful through kung fu training
The Manchuin government feared an uprising so they sent troops to destroy the monastery
But the problem was resolved when traitorous monks set it on fire.
A handful of monks and disciples escaped: Abbot Chin, Abbot Pak Mei, Master Fung To Tak, Master Hiu Him, and Abbess Ng Mui.
Ng Mui was a Master of Siu Lam kung fu and created the Wing chun system from that knowledge.
Her ideas of close-quarter combat were completely different than the Siu Lam style
She discarded many of the old traditions of Siu Lam
The traditions often required years of practice
She started developing a system based on the idea of winning at all costs
Using speed and subtlety
Her system therefore had less stress on physical strength
The emphasis was on the sudden movements of the practitioner
When Ng Mui met a young woman of just 15-Yim Wing Chun, she befriended her
A local landowner, Wong, was trying to bully Yim into marriage
Ng trained Yim in her new, yet unnamed, art, so Yim could defend against Wong
Yim beat Wong, and Yim named her new style after her protégée, Yim Wing Chun
One important technique of wing chun is called “sticky hands”
When one practitioner attacks, the other grabs and holds the limb they attacked with.
Mok-Gar [ Developed by a midget called Mok-Da-Si
Developed in the Shaolin monastery in southern China
Taught the style to his family
Style was then known as shaolin chuen
This name was held until the third generation, when it was changed to Mok-gar
Named after Mok’s family
Practice traditionally involves 2 wooden dummies
One is called mook-yan-jong and has projections resembling arms
Used for blocking and countering
The other is called darn gee and is a thick bamboo pole filled with washers-originally coins, but that got too expensive
Used for striking technique
Equipment:
white mandarin top
red pants
slippers
3-section staff
siu so gee-2 long and short rods of wood connected by a chain
dip do knives
broad sword
etiquette
salute
step 1
stand with your feet shoulder width apart and your hands behind your back and look forward
step 2
make a fist with your right hand but leave your left hand open. place your fist in the palm of your left hand
step 3
move your left foot forwards and balance it on the ball of your foot. all of your weight should be on your back foot (your right foot)
Judo
Benefits:
- health
- fitness
- stamina
- confidence
- well-being
- self-defence
- comradeship
- flexibiltiy
- agility
- awareness
- assertiveness
- strengthened limbs
Created by Jigura Kano
JUDO RANKING
Rank: Lowest to highest
English name:
Japanese name:
1 6th grade Rokyu
2 5th grade Gokyu
3 4th grade Yonkyu
4 3rd grade Sankyu
5 2nd grade Nikyu
6 1st grade Ikkyu
7 1st degree Shodan
8 2nd degree Nidan
9 3rd degree Sandan
10 4th degree Yodan
11 5th degree Godan
12 6th degree Rokudan
13 7th degree Shichidan
14 8th degree Hachidan
15 9th degree Kudan
16 10th degree Judan
The rank system was started in 1883 when Kano awarded Shodan to Shiro Sago and Tsunejiro Tomita
Then, there was no differentiation from mudansha and yudansha-yudansha being the shodans
In 1886 Kano began giving his shodans black belts to wear.
These belts were still the belts worn with formal kimono
Students did not have an official uniform to wear, and the students were still practising in kimono.
The judogi was created in 1907
The full belt ranking system was finalised in 1935 in Europe